Changes

First, the fall of the Sasanians, which became more inevitable after the battle, meant that weakened support of the once widespread Zoroastrian religion began to fade and many adherents eventually converted to Islam after the fall of the Sasanian empire (Figure 1). In effect, it allowed one religion to be mostly replaced by another. Although this process occurred over a long period, the events at Qadisiyyah paved the way for accelerated this to accelerateprocess.<ref>For more on the replacement of the Zoroastrian faith in many places, see: Rose, Jenny. 2011. <i>Zoroastrianism: An Introduction.</i> Introductions to Religion. London: I. B. Tauris.</ref>

Third, the battle gave the Islamic armies a lot of confidence and experience. This led to much more rapid gains in the Middle East and North Africa against the Byzantines, although they were . While the Arabs never ultimately defeated by the Arabs. The success even carried on in EuropeByzantines, where they were only finally defeated in France by Charles Martel in 732solidified their hold on the Middle East. Between 646 and 732, the Arab armies had almost been unstoppable in open battlefields, although sieges of great cities, such as Constantinople, gave them more difficulty (Figure 2).<ref>For more on Arab and Islamic conquests and defeats after Qadisiyyah, see: Hoyland, Robert G. 2015. <i>In God’s Path: The Arab Conquests and the Creation of an Islamic Empire.</i> Ancient Warfare and Civilization. Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press.</ref>The Arab was only stalled by Charles Martel's victory in 732.

One of the great results of the battle was Finally, the Arab armies were now in a position to benefit benefited from the technical know how and infrastructure built by the Sasanians in the region of and around Iraq. This allowed them to build using new technical capabilities they acquired and developed using Persian and Classical science. Furthermore, scholars who were based in Persia, who had come from many parts of the ancient World, including Greece and India, now were employed by the Arabs. This allowed not only the great Golden Age of Arab science and philosophy to be possible, and thus develop indigenous new discoveries, but it also allowed much of the lost knowledge in Europe, after the collapse of Rome, to be copied by the Arabs. This knowledge was then transferred back to Europe in the Medieval period, eventually helping to influence the Enlightenment that allowed a new period of discovery to emerge in Europe.<ref>For more on how Arabs incorporated Persian and Classical science and knowledge, see: Al-Khalili, Jim. 2010. <i>Pathfinders: The Golden Age of Arabic Science.</i> London: Allen Lane.</ref>